One Muslim told the Los Angeles Times, “We do not consider ourselves Filipinos. This topic about Pre-Spanish Period is a very exciting one because it will bring us back to the time when our ancestors are still enjoying the blessings of freedom to carve their own destiny under the heavens. And in the 70’s Former first Lady Imelda Marcos popularized a national architectural style through the regime’s ostentatious building projects using indigenous materials and icons. The Spanish were not as harsh on the local people of the Philippines as they were in Latin America but they did make an effort to stamp out traditions and customs they regarded as “works of the devil.” Large Numbers of people were untouched by the Spanish occupation. The Secularization of Priests During Spanish Period . In 1849 more than 90 percent of the approximately 6,000 Chinese lived in or around Manila, whereas in 1886 this proportion decreased to 77 percent of the 66,000 Chinese in the Philippines at that time, declining still further in the 1890s. DURING THE SPANISH PERIOD 1521 The year when the Spanish Colonizers came with Ferdinand Magellan.. Miguel Lopez de Legazpi He is the first Spanish governor general.. Notes on Spanish Colonization The Conquistadors rendered all system writings inoperable. The estates of the religious orders were concentrated in this region, and mestizos became inquilinos (lessees) of these lands, subletting them to cultivators; a portion of the rent was given by the inquilino to the friary estate. @���ș�x�g� ���j���+!��ć��_���O��n���ֿ��n��ʨZ������#W)�������'~WHSպ8�8�BV�m*銓���ʹ�+'�������v�J9o+-���Z�]e�vb�Z9��sR����*꺑�7p�n������m�ٽ0W���î���յ~�5R�ͮ�@ݎE�&ذ�M���&c�&X_���� >�B �x�kk���.��4V;ޗ��v9��q�=No--�q�ҭ��ֿ�|v����W�#�y�TMm��Ү���9�C��i��j�.|����B�nhr���U��̊���#� (N�������c9׳�I�f�ʹ�m.KQ��K={�)Ň����� ~����8�_ߥ�g�-�o�lZ>�^������0�:�Ep*�;�~����7�A����Ͻ�}ıB��Y��6`��d������O;���F)[��,�B�>�8R���S߱����\=*mն�np�U]���1��^�]���ۓM�`" in Philippine history when, indeed, the activities described as sup port for this statement were those of Chinese mestizos. Some became gardeners, supplying vegetables to the towns, but most shunned the fields and set themselves up as small retailers and moneylenders. In 1839 the government issued a decree granting them freedom of occupation and residence. stream PHILIPPINE LITERATURE. [Source: Library of Congress *], Sugarcane had been produced and refined using crude methods at least as early as the beginning of the eighteenth century. -During the American colonization period, Philippine literature reflected the ethos of its people under a new role. This particular economic activity is a manner of exchange by which commodities or services of another person are directly traded without the help of money. The Philippine Revolution is one of the most important events in the country’s history, awakening a proud sense of nationalism for generations of Filipinos to come. Status of Women 6. Meager progress on land distribution, marked with occasional rural uprisings, was achieved up to the mid 1980s. 3. Japanese Colonization (1941-1945) 5. About 30 or 40 junks, laden with goods arrived in the Philippines from China a year. Manila became the center of a major trade network that funneled goods from Southeast Asia, Japan, Indonesia, India and especially China to Europe. He set up friendly relations with some… The Suez Canal, which connected the Red Sea and the Mediterranean Sea, was inaugurated in 1869. Americans dominated the abaca trade; raw material was made into rope, first at plants in New England and then in the Philippines. The government monopoly on tobacco had been abolished in 1880, but Philippine cigars maintained their high reputation, popular throughout Victorian parlors in Britain, the European continent, and North America. This constitutes 'fair use' of any such copyrighted material as provided for in section 107 of the US Copyright Law. The Muslim sultanate of Brunei was a very powerful kingdom in the16th century. Literature, religion, lifestyles, societal classes and the like was taken into… Objective: • To be able to understand how Literature started during the Spanish Period. <> Period of Imitation (1910-1924) c. Period of Apprenticeship (1910-1930) d. Period of Emergence (1920-1930) e. Period of Self-discovery (1925-1941) 4. Spanish Period. Trade was stubbled upon sort of by accident. But Spain’s biggest legacy to the Philippines is Roman Catholism, which the people embraced readily from the beginning. The Spanish were able to gain control of the coastal areas of the northern and central islands, but not the southern islands, where Islam was deeply rooted, and the jungle interior and highlands, where indigenous tribes, including headhunters, were able to repel Spanish incursions. Nevertheless, the Chinese remained concentrated in towns around Manila, particularly Binondo and Santa Cruz. Philippine Literature during Spanish Period The Philippine islands first came to the attention of Europeans with the Spanish expedition around the world led by Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan in 1521. Loney arranged liberal credit terms for local landlords to invest in the new crop, encouraged the migration of labor from the neighboring and overpopulated island of Panay, and introduced stream-driven sugar refineries that replaced the traditional method of producing low-grade sugar in loaves. the Spanish scholarly journal, Revista de Archivos, Bibliotecas y M?seos, Madrid (1871-). Literature started to flourish during his time. Much of the international trade conducted by Spain in Asia was linked to Manila somehow and most of the rich and powerful had their homes here. The friars, however, were given the responsibility of supervising the system both on the local and the national levels. The Opening of the Suez Canal. A Spanish trader named Diego de Bobadilla wrote: “A Spaniard who lost his nose through a certain illness, sent for a Chinaman to make him one wood, in order to hide the deformity. There was some Muslim-Christian elements to the early conflicts with the Spanish. The history of the Philippines between 900 and 1565 begins with the creation of the Laguna Copperplate Inscription in 900 and ends with Spanish colonisation in 1565. A much smaller number lived in the more important towns of the Visayan Islands, such as Cebu and Iloilo, and on Mindanao. This site contains copyrighted material the use of which has not always been authorized by the copyright owner. The Spanish burned Igorot villages, destroyed their crops and raped their women, yet in 350 years of Spanish occupation the Igorot were never conquered. And this led to a guerrilla war against the Americans. Many would say that … [Source: Library of Congress *], In the latter half of the nineteenth century, immigration into the archipelago, largely from the maritime province of Fujian on the southeastern coast of China, increased, and a growing proportion of Chinese settled in outlying areas. Outside the walls was a a polyglot community of Filipinos, Chinese, Japanese and other foreig… The islands were part of the larger Spanish East Indies. Your … He was responsible for establishing peace with various indigenous tribes. *, Of equal, if not greater, significance for subsequent political, cultural, and economic developments were the Chinese mestizos. The friars were successful in resisting the efforts of the archbishop of Manila to impose visitation; consequently, they operated without formal supervision except that of their own provincials or regional superiors. The history of the Philippines is believed to have begun with the arrival of the first humans using rafts or boats at least ... Philippine society and culture until the Doctrina Christiana of the late 16th century, written at the start of the Spanish period in both native Baybayin script and Spanish. Secularization meant the replacement of the friars, who came exclusively from Spain, with Filipino priests ordained by the local bishop. This is a comprehensive practice exam for a Philippine History book. As the export economy grew and foreign contact increased, the mestizos and other members of this Filipino elite, known collectively as ilustrados, obtained higher education (in some cases abroad), entered professions such as law or medicine, and were particularly receptive to the liberal and democratic ideas that were beginning to reach the Philippines despite the efforts of the generally reactionary--and friar-dominated--Spanish establishment. Mining opportunities did not present themselves as they did in Latin America. Filipinos are those who surrendered to the Spaniards. Local "sugar barons"--- the owners of the sugar plantations--became a potent political and economic force by the end of the nineteenth century. ��e. Spanish reinforcements from the south saved for the Spaniards. The primary purpose of the Philippines was to trade New World silver for Chinese silk. In 1571, the Spaniards rescued some Chinese sailors whose sampans sunk off the Philippines and helped them get back to China. The history of the Philippines is believed to have begun with the arrival of the first humans using rafts or boats at least 709,000 years ago as suggested by the discovery of Pleistocene stone tools and butchered animal remains associated with hominin activity. The Chinese soon gained a central position in the cash-crop economy on the provincial and local levels. The Philippines had a long colonial history, spanning the 16th to 20th century (1565 up to 1946). The national and racial dimensions of secularization meant that the issue became linked with broader demands for political reform. Manila was the heart of the Spanish colony in the Philippines. Spanish Colonial Period. Except for the early Spanish period, the Philippine collection in the Library of Congress is superior to that in the Newberry Library. The most high-status and affluent groups of people were Chinese entrepreneurs, lured by business opportunities, and Spanish officials. PHILIPPINE HISTORY SPANISH ERA 2. Blackwell Science, LtdOxford, UKAEHRAustralian Economic History Review0004-89922004 Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd and the Economic History Society of Australia and New Zealand November 2004443307320Original Article The historical origins of the Philippine economy: a survey of recent research of the Spanish colonial eraJosep M. Fradera If you are the copyright owner and would like this content removed from factsanddetails.com, please contact me. The Spanish introduced the idea of land holding to native people—many of whom previously had limited notions about private property—and took control of large swaths of land owned for centuries by native groups. Over time the Chinese not only dominated trade but also dominated many of the trades, such as shipbuilding, on which trade was based, and outnumbered the Spanish. Contrary to the principles of the church, they allegedly used information gained in confession to pinpoint troublemakers. The Tagalog word for “history” is kasaysayan. Principal regions for the growing of abaca were the Bicol areas of southeastern Luzon and the eastern portions of the Visayan Islands. The rebels were turned back and Parian was set on fire. A Spanish attack was quickly repelled and Spanish leaders were beheaded and had their heads displayed on stakes. He set up friendly relations with some… The Jesuits were given control of the teacher-training colleges. In 1898 the University of Santo Tomás taught essentially the same courses that it did in 1611, when it was founded by the Dominicans, twenty-one years before Galileo was brought before the Inquisition for publishing the idea that the earth revolved around the sun. %�쏢 [�M�L!�B� 5��#H�`GܲuFp�{�`r��"�b��%q�C&�Ёf�=����5@ ����w���eڜ��$��d(���Z3�l��=��To����E��j�Hd�_�ճ������i�ߖ�%t��*�$E�=��1�L�ɬ�;��ǰ0^$�_ ��i���/Sׅv,����+�g� 12. Philippine Literature During the Spanish Period 2. Philippine History: Fashion from the Spanish Era Spanish Influence on Philippine Fashion When we speak about fashion or clothing during the Spanish Colonization of the Philippines, we would think baro’t saya, Maria Clara dress, barong tagalog and camisa de chino. They introduced Catholicism, established a Walled City in Manila but ultimately they were disappointed because they couldn't find spices or gold (gold was only discovered in large quantities after the Americans arrived). It should show you the areas that you need to study more on. Section 107, the material on this site is distributed without profit. patriarchal Spanish Catholic Church. b. The Chinese remained afterwards because the Spaniards couldn’t conduct trade without them. A comprehensive database of more than 15 philippine history quizzes online, test your knowledge with philippine history quiz questions. He argued that the colony was privileged to have experienced two “forms of Western govern-ment, the Spanish or Latin” and the “American or Anglo-Saxon one” [ibid. The power of religious orders remained one of the great constants, over the centuries, of Spanish colonial rule. Spanish Colonization (1521 - 1898) 3. World History Name: Colonization of the Philippines Section: Score: _____/10 Directions: In an infographic poster you will be displaying information about the Spanish colonization of the Philippines. In the following outline an endeavor is made to select those features only of that revenue system which have a true historical significance, as distinct from those which have a mere antiquarian interest. By the 14th century, Islam had gained a foothold in much of coastal Philippines after being introduced by way of Indonesia and Malaysia. Spain colonized the Philippine Islands for 3 33 years, after which they ceded control to What Spain had built the United States preserved. Those that profited the most from trade and other economic activities, primarily the Spanish elite, wore fine silks, traveled around un elegant coaches, wore gold chains and gem-stubbed rings and were looked after by an army of servants. If you wish to use copyrighted material from this site for purposes of your own that go beyond 'fair use', you must obtain permission from the copyright owner. This declaration was opposed by the U.S. who had plans of taking over the colony. 3. Philippine History and Society: Spanish Colonial Period These researches discuss the socio-political and historical developments in the Philippines under Spanish colonialism. Visitation involved the authority of the bishops of the church hierarchy to inspect and discipline the religious orders, a principle laid down in church law and practiced in most of the Catholic world. The Spanish viewed the Muslims as natural enemies, identified with their Muslim rivals at home, the Moors of Morocco. By 1867 there were 593 primary schools enrolling 138,990 students; by 1877 the numbers had grown to 1,608 schools and 177,113 students; and in 1898 there were 2,150 schools and over 200,000 students out of a total population of approximately 6 million. They were responsible for education and health measures, kept the census and tax records, reported on the character and behavior of individual villagers, supervised the selection of local police and town officers, and were responsible for maintaining public morals and reporting incidences of sedition to the authorities. Back to Article List. fOn June 12, 1898, Filipinos led by Emilio Aguinaldo declared independence. Stay tuned for part 2 as that will discuss events from the Dagohoy revolt to the events around the 1870's. There were anti-Chinese riots in 1603, 1639, 1662, 1686, 1762 and 1819. *, The friarocracy seems to have had more than its share of personal irregularities, and the priestly vow of chastity often was honored in the breach. Much of the international trade conducted by Spain in Asia was linked to Manila somehow and most of the rich and powerful had their homes here. During most of the Spanish colonial period, the Philippine economy depended on the Galleon Trade which was inaugurated in 1565 between Manila and Acapulco , Mexico . This site contains quotes, articles, ebooks, and other related documents on Philippine historical studies. *. It was built by a French engineer named Ferdinand de Lesseps. Spanish policy encouraged immigrants to become agricultural laborers. [Reading in the Philippine History] [Module 15 Week 15 Social, Political, Economic, and Cultural issues in Philippine History- Filipino American Relations] 1 Module 15 Week 15 Social, Political, Economic, and Cultural issues in Philippine History-Special Topic At the end of this module, you are expected to: 1. American Occupation Era. The existing literature of the Philippine ethnic groups at the time of conquest and conversion into Christianity was mainly oral, consisting of epics, legends, songs, riddles, and proverbs. Magellan landed on the island of Cebu, claiming the lands for Spain and naming them Islas de San Lazaro. Mixed Marriages, Inheritance and Succession. Even though 12,000 Chinese were expelled in 1596, settlers continued to arrive from the mainland. TIMELINE OF PHILIPPINE HISTORY 1380 - Muslim Arabs arrived at the Sulu Archipelago. The opening of the port of Iloilo on Panay in 1855 and the encouragement of the British vice consul in that town, Nicholas Loney (described by a modern writer as "a one-man whirlwind of entrepreneurial and technical innovation"), led to the development of the previously unsettled island of Negros as the center of the Philippine sugar industry, exporting its product to Britain and Australia. Leave them to their cock-fighting and their indolence, and they will thank you more than if you load them down with old and new rights." In 1574, a Chinese pirate named Lin Tao Kien unsuccessfully attacked Manila. The National Archives and Records Service has Philippine documents for the period 1898-1946. The conquistador, especially its ecclesiastical arm, destroyed whatever written literature he could find, and hence rendered the system of writing inoperable. Sisters in Arms: Revolutionaries, suffragists and guerillas Women's participation in affairs dominated by men can be traced back to the Philippine Revolution against Spain (1896-1898) and the Filipino-American War in the years 1A … Philippine literature during the spanish period 1. The Spanish conquest ofthe Philippines in the 16th century is partofthe controversial "Columbian legacy"inworldhistory and history ofideas. Manila was the heart of the Spanish colony in the Philippines. This test consists of up to 90 important questions. *, The economic position of the orders was secured by their extensive landholdings, which generally had been donated to them for the support of their churches, schools, and other establishments. Houses 4. HISTORY OF PHILIPPINE ART. Philippine Muslims regard themselves as descendants of the Royal Sultanate of Sulu. Spanish government in the Philippine Islands during the three and a quarter centuries of Spanish rule may be of special interest at the present time. It ruled over all of Sarawak, Sabah and Borneo as well as part of the Sulu Islands and the Philippines. The Spanish conquest ofthe Philippines in the 16th century is partofthe controversial "Columbian legacy"inworldhistory and history ofideas. Our online philippine history trivia quizzes can be adapted to suit your requirements for taking some of the top philippine history quizzes. During this period in Philippine history starting in the 60’s architects started to merge modernist style with the use of traditional and local materials. �1�4a�٪��2�Έ��ho��u~���9v����u��E���a67�I����xI?�@�y�f�y�Ѐz�j��QMh��~tXE����l� NÛ$C��;���WGE�q�����5@D���X�ӎ�鈦��%��a�N����3� ���. The next year the grateful Chinese returned the favor in the form of a trading vessel filled with gifts of silk, porcelain and other Chinese goods. The Spanish accomplished little in the Philippines. Pre Colonial Period. Japanese Occupation Era. During the Spanish colonization in the Philippines , the government was composed of two branches, the executive and the judicial. 0. Magellan landed on the island of Cebu, claiming the lands for Spain and naming them Islas de San Lazaro. Both groups adopted Catholicism. ", The eighteenth-century expulsion edicts had given the Chinese mestizos the opportunity to enter retailing and the skilled craft occupations formerly dominated by the Chinese. The historical origins of the Philippine economy: a survey of recent research of the Spanish colonial eraJosep M. Fradera THE HISTORICAL ORIGINS OF THE PHILIPPINE ECONOMY: A SURVEY OF RECENT RESEARCH OF THE SPANISH COLONIAL ERA B J M. F Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Spain This article surveys recent research of the Spanish colonial era in the Philippines since the late eighteenth … Islamic Colonial Period. During his time, many changes happened to the Filipinos. =�>�������#%~�JaZ pA��YRHdڇ���C�aY=��k�&�w�3?J�% �{�,]���"9�o�b�-���3�,!NC3�l�U�FH۪I�M�����.rh�j��7��w*� ��a���o�i��A`���Rb �N9�h|��`?e�\��ÞE��k��"*sF�g�-� ��R��n���ZQ���0�� ��գD^����������e@E[�� The Spanish at first viewed the Philippines as a stepping-stone to the riches of the East Indies (Spice Islands), but, even after the Portuguese and Dutch had foreclosed that possibility, the Spanish still maintained their presence in the archipelago. Philippine Literature During the Spanish Period 2. THE SPANISH PERIOD (1565-1898) Historical Background . As a result, many Chinese mestizos invested in land, particularly in Central Luzon. The Chinese presence in the hinterland went hand in hand with the transformation of the insular economy. (PDF) PHILIPPINE HISTORY Pre Pre - -Colonial Period ... ... bleblebleah One recent study, the Human Relations Area Files monograph on the Philip-pines, goes so far as to say that although they were of some importance during the first decades of the Spanish period… - It is a ritual based on a legend about a princess who dropped her ring into the middle of the sea and offered her hand in marriage in anyone who can retrieve it. Other groups like the Igorot resisted. Politics 1. In the eyes of educated Filipino priests and laymen, however, most inexcusable was the friars' open attitude of contempt toward the people. Development of the archipelago was largely neglected. Historical Background. The only laws created in the Philippines are those who were ordered by the Governor General. During the Pre-Spanish Colonial Period, the trading system among ancient Filipinos and traders from their island counterparts was made possible trough barter system. The Royal Sultanate of Sulu was an Islamic kingdom that ruled the islands and seas in the southern Philippines and northern Borneo long before the arrival of the Spanish. Given the minuscule number of Spanish living outside the capital even in the nineteenth century, the friars were regarded as indispensable instruments of Spanish rule that contemporary critics labeled a "friarocracy" (frialocracia). The governor, administartors, friars, merchants, military officials, priests and soldiers from Spain and some of their families all resided within the walls. Converts to Catholicism and speakers of Filipino languages or Spanish rather than Chinese dialects, the mestizos enjoyed a legal status as subjects of Spain that was denied the Chinese. The Spanish colonial period in the Philippines was the period during which the Philippines were part of the Spanish Empire as the Captaincy General of the Philippines from 1565 to 1898. Spain developed and maintained a monopoly over the transpacific trade route. The population of Negros tripled. The Spaniards in Manila lived in the walled city of Intramuros. Outside the walls was a a polyglot community of Filipinos, Chinese, Japanese and other foreigners. on Philippine culture and society following Columbus' voyage to the Americas in 1492. FRANCIS C. MACANSANTOS PRISCILLA S. MACANSANTOS The existing literature of the Philippine ethnic groups at the time of conquest and conversion into Christianity was mainly oral, consisting of epics, legends, songs, riddles, and proverbs. Philippine literature during the spanish period 1. Ferdinand Magellan arrived in the Philippines in 1521. Chinese expulsion orders issued in 1755 and 1766 were repealed in 1788. CIVILISATION IN THE PHILIPPINES BEFORE THE SPANISH CONQUEST The history of the Philippine Islands is divided into three periods: the period prior to the Spanish conquest in 1531, the period under the Spanish rule from 1531-1898, and the period un der the American rule which began in 1898. Spain’s rule of the Philippines began soon after the explorer Ferdinand Magellan discovered the islands in 1521. Social Classes 5. For a while the Spaniards maintained a trading post on China but for the most part they relied on Chinese intermediaries to bring goods to Manila. Land rents--paid often by Chinese mestizo inquilinos, who planted cash crops for export--provided them with the sort of income that enabled many friars to live like princes in palatial establishments. Spanish rule was punctuated by periodic revolts, many of them involving Chinese who lived outside the walls of Manila in a place called the Parian. In the words of historian Edgar Vickberg, they were considered, unlike the mixed-Chinese of other Southeast Asian countries, not "a special kind of local Chinese" but "a special kind of Filipino. DURING THE SPANISH PERIOD 1521 The year when the Spanish Colonizers came with Ferdinand Magellan.. Miguel Lopez de Legazpi He is the first Spanish governor general.. Notes on Spanish Colonization The Conquistadors rendered all system writings inoperable. The history of the Philippines between 900 and 1565 begins with the creation of the Laguna Copperplate Inscription in 900 and ends with Spanish colonisation in 1565. The Spanish had initially hoped to turn the Philippines into another Spice Island but they soon found that the island’s soil, terrain and climate were not suited for growing spices. Magellan landed on the island of Cebu, claiming the lands for Spain and naming them Islas de San Lazaro. The Philippine Revolution is one of the most important events in the country’s history, awakening a proud sense of nationalism for generations of Filipinos to come. The datus comprised the nobility. Carillo Some of the indigenous people mixed with the Spanish, some were overwhelmed by them. 1542 - Spanish expedition commandeered by Ruy Lopez de Villalobos claims the islands for Spain; names them "Philippines" after Prince Philip, later King Philip II of Spain; the Philippines becomes part of Spanish … Because of the growth of worldwide shipping, Philippine abaca, which was considered the best material for ropes and cordage, grew in importance and after 1850 alternated with sugar as the islands' most important export. x��[Iw�~�=���8{.����f�� 蛓�$��N�(�a&��ZR�-�=KˉF�e�A Although church policy dictated that parishes of countries converted to Christianity be relinquished by the religious orders to indigenous diocesan priests, in 1870 only 181 out of 792 parishes in the islands had Filipino priests. So, sit relaxed and take your time and good luck! Such material is made available in an effort to advance understanding of country or topic discussed in the article. 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Like this content removed from factsanddetails.com, please contact me American relations 2 those who were by! Visitation and secularization were persistent themes in Philippine church history the Cavite revolt in 1872 from factsanddetails.com, please me. Never conquered during 381 years of Spanish colonial rule historical developments in the Library of is! You will be working with a common goal: to resist colonialism discuss events from the mainland own.... Continued to arrive from the Dagohoy revolt to the Americas in 1492 descendants of the Philippines and Mexico the.! A Chinese pirate named Lin Tao Kien unsuccessfully attacked Manila did not present themselves as of! Spanish other than through the church Canal, which connected the Red Sea and the Mediterranean Sea, inaugurated... The only laws created in the 16th century is partofthe controversial `` Columbian legacy inworldhistory. Contrary to the mid 1980s of bamboo and palm leaves, and were attired! Shunned the fields and set themselves up as small retailers and moneylenders culture... 2 as that will discuss events from the Dagohoy revolt to the 1980s! Dominated the abaca trade ; raw material was made possible trough barter.! And economic developments were the Chinese soon gained a central position in Philippines! Comprehensive practice exam for a Philippine history when, indeed, the Spaniards epub digitized and proofread by Project.! ( serfs ) and aliping saguiguilid ( slaves ) Manila, particularly central...
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