[20] They are some of the most feared freshwater fishes in the Neotropical region because of the injuries they can cause. This adaptation allows them to breath more easily while they are hiding in the substrate. [1] Most species are strictly freshwater, but a few may range into brackish estuarine habitats in salinities up to at least 12.4‰. If the stinger reaches internal organs, it can be fatal. Excess monovalent ions that they ingest, namely sodium and chloride, are eliminated from the body via specialized rectal glands. Though docile animals, they are responsible for more injuries to humans each year than any other Amazonian species. Helpful. In the Amazon, it has been estimated that many thousand river stingrays are removed from certain areas to minimize the risk to ecotourism. stingray amazon river fresh water thornback potamotrygon tropical fish tropical fish. River Monsters living in huge aquariums and living well! Motoro stingray inhabits both Amazon River and its tributaries: Orinoco, Rio-Branko, Parana, Paraguay rivers. To learn more about the osmoregulatory differences between the families Potamotrygonidae and Dasyatidae (marine and euryhaline), I recommend reading a short article entitled "The osmotic response of the Asian freshwater stingray to increased salinity: a comparison with marine and Amazonian freshwater stingrays" put out by the National University of Singapore in 2003. These members of the shark family don't normally attack, but they will if they have to. A Stingray’s Natural Habitat Freshwater stingrays are found in river systems in Southeast Asia, Australia, Africa and South America. In Thailand and Cambodia, they caught a giant freshwater stingray, a reason to battle for the record-breaking catch. [1] The exact diet varies with species; some are generalist predators and others are specialists. Well, it's been another crazy week here at the Cady residence! Potamotrygon Scobina Common Names: Raspy River Stingray Distribution: Middle & Lower Amazon system from Manaus to Belem. Product ID: 189146990038489902Created on: 9/2/2014, 4:32 PM. A stingray's sex can be determined fairly easily based on the presence or absence of claspers, two "penises" connected to the inside of the pelvic fins of male rays. [31], Freshwater stingrays are often kept in aquariums, but require a very large tank and will eat small tank mates. See more ideas about stingray, aquarium fish, freshwater aquarium. Although urea is toxic to fish, the TMAO counteracts the protein-de-stablizing effects of urea. ... Amazon Aquariums Piranha Fish Discus Fish Angelfish Stingray Arowana Amazon Plants Tetra Fish . Some species include Piranhas, Armored Catfish, Pancake Stingray and Electric Eel. Mating occurs in a ventral-to-ventral position and the females give birth to live young. )", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Potamotrygonidae&oldid=984480701, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Ross, Richard (1999) Freshwater Stingrays, Aqualog Special,p49, Ross, Richard (2000) Freshwater Rays, Aqualog, p140, This page was last edited on 20 October 2020, at 08:57. It is Take a look at this super aquarium! About 200 species of fish feed show this habit, more than in tropical Africa and Asia 3. Two new species of freshwater stingray have been discovered in the Amazon rain forest. The two species of Styracura were only moved to this family in 2016. [4][5], Potamotrygonidae are the only family of rays mostly restricted to fresh water habitats. (Okay, you probably don’t eat many insects.) [21][22][23] In Colombia alone, more than 2,000 injuries are reported per year. Other Info. The average white-blotched river stingray litter consists of seven or eight pups, but as many as 12 pups have been born in … This theory is … The interaction of low‐salinity plume water with the marine environment was studied using remote sensing and a large set of in Pain was initially reduced by submersion of the wound in hot water at 40 C. The pain continued for several days, but did not cause [7][40] Other primary exporters of wild-caught freshwater stingrays are Colombia and Peru. Facebook is showing information to help you better understand the purpose of a Page. Paratrygon Generally, stingers are inserted into the feet and heels of babysitters and the hands of fishermen. 13K likes. The Amazon River is the largest river in the world by discharge volume. [29] From 2005 to 2010, the reported capture in the Brazilian states of Amazonas and Pará has ranged between 584.5 and 1,104.5 metric tons (575.3–1,087.1 long tons) per year. This is probably due to the presence of river galleries (river banks with low hanging trees), which make it easy for fish to eat fruit and seed that float on the surface of the water. As a result, the South American stingrays are the closest relatives of the Pacific family Urolophidae despite the fact the Amazon flows into the Atlantic ocean today. [7] Such removal is unregulated by the authorities, as not considered fishing in the traditional sense. Mainly these are sandbanks of large rivers and their tributaries where the substrate consists of mud and sand. [32] The ease of keeping varies significantly: Some such as Potamotrygon motoro are considered relatively hardy in a captive setting,[33] while others such as Paratrygon aiereba, Plesiotrygon nana and Potamotrygon tigrina are much more difficult to maintain. See actions taken by the people who manage and post Stingrays belonging to the family Potamotrygonidae have done particularly well in their riverine environment for a variety of reasons. It draws prey up to its mouth by creating a suction with its disc-shaped body. [18][26] In several US states there are regulations in place that limit the keeping of freshwater stingrays. During the later stages of pregnancy, small, filamentous appendages called trophonemata develop within the uterus and penetrate the spiracle of the embryo (Nikolskii, 1961), supplying it with a nutrient-rich fluid called histotrophe that feeds it until it is born (Charvet-Almeida et al., 2005). [18][26] Although generally non-aggressive, their venomous stinger represents a risk and on occasion aquarists have been stung. Similarly to the teeth or dorsal spines of a shark, stingray spines are thought to have originated from placoid scales, the tiny tooth-like structures that protect the skin of elasmobranchs and give it a sandpaper-like texture (see drawing below). The barb is extremely sharp (it has been known penetrate bone), and it operates under the same principle as an arrowhead-- it slides into flesh fairly easily, but the serrated edges make it very difficult and painful to extract. Stingray sampling is strongly seasonal, with an inverse relationship between capture vulnerability and water level in the river (see Araújo 1998). [26] Due to the potential danger they represent, some locals strongly dislike freshwater stingrays and may kill them on sight. However, stingrays have adapted to low-light conditions in a special way. 13"+ This is considered one of the 3 smallest Freshwater Stingrays. It is found in large rivers and estuaries in Southeast Asia and Borneo, though historically it may have … Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. And, just like shark teeth, they are lost and re-grown on a regular basis. Unlike the euryhaline whiptail stingrays (Family Dasyatidae), they have completely lost the ability to migrate between freshwater and marine environments. In all over a … In addition to causing great pain, the venom contains enzymes that cause tissue death. In the rivers and lakes of tropical South America lives a group of fishes that are more often associated with the sea - stingrays. [1] While still in the mother's uterus, the developing embryo feeds on histotroph, a secretion produced by trophonemata glands. [24] Freshwater stingrays are generally non-aggressive,[24] and the stingers are used strictly in self-defense. [1][16][17] Depending on exact species, the gestation period is 3 to 12 months and there are between 1 and 21 young in each litter. [25] In general, relatively little is known about the composites of the venom in freshwater stingrays, but it appears to differ (at least in some species) from that of marine stingrays. (2017). May 29, 2020 - Explore Select Latin America's board "Amazon River", followed by 5014 people on Pinterest. Mainly these are sandbanks of large rivers and their tributaries where the substrate consists of mud and sand. Though docile animals, they are responsible for more injuries to humans each year than any other Amazonian species. The two "pancake" species belong to the first new stingray genus found in the Amazon region in more than two decades, according to Nathan Lovejoy, a biologist at … At up to 220 kg (490 l… Amazon.com で、[キーン] サンダル STINGRAY(現行モデル) ボーイズ の役立つカスタマーレビューとレビュー評価をご覧ください。ユーザーの皆様からの正直で公平な製品レビューをお読みください。 Venture to Amazonia and get up close to the animals that thrive along the Amazon River — the largest river basin in the world. There are various pet fish stores i… Latin American & Amazon Fish Species Guide. He found that there are several species of stingray in the Amazon River. [3], Members of Potamotrygonidae are predators and feed on a wide range of animals such as insects, worms, molluscs, crustaceans and fish (even spiny catfish). Stingrays, both marine and freshwater, have two rows of five gill slits on the ventral side of their bodies and two modified sixth gill slits on the dorsal side called spiracles, located behind the eyes. Of the total river flow of the world, approximately 1/5 th is accounted for by the Amazon basin spanning over 7,050,000 square kilometers or 2,720,000 square miles, making Amazon the largest drainage basin in the entire world. [12] In each species in the family Potamotrygonidae, females reach a larger size than the males. The tail is very flexible and can bend pretty much any direction within a split second, inflicting serious damage. All Products. Compagno, L. J. V. & S. F. Cook (1995) "The exploitation and conservation of freshwater elasmobranchs: status of taxa and prospects for the future". Most species are brownish or greyish and often have distinctive spotted or mottled patterns, but a few species are largely blackish with contrasting pale spots. But, reeling it to shore to prove his theory is a challenging task in itself. If you look at a ray's eyes in dim light, you will notice that they shine in the dark, similar to those of a cat. In the Amazon, Paratrygon and certain Potamotrygon are the most caught species and the first is the most sought. The two "pancake" species belong to the first new stingray genus found in the Amazon region in more than two decades, according to Nathan Lovejoy, a biologist at … An Amazon stingray known as the tiger ray has finally earned its scientific stripes: It's been officially recognized as a new species. The latter is one of only two marine species in this family (the other is S. pacifica). 10 million years ago the Amazon finally broke through eastwards eroding its way through a low lying valley to the Atlantic, and the Amazon River system was reborn. When the spine is deployed, the barb pierces the venom sac along with the victim's skin, and the poisonous slime is introduced into the wound. At birth, the young rays look like miniature copies of their parents, and are able to search for their own food a short time after delivery. It was then that many of the species that inhabit the waters of the Amazon today were forced to evolve, such as the twenty species of freshwater stingray, the Boto Dolphin, the Amazonian Manatee to name but a few. [28], Freshwater stingrays are often caught by hook-and-line and as bycatch in trawls. [38] In contrast, dams threaten some species such as P. magdalenae by isolating populations and preventing gene flow,[39] and others such as P. brachyura generally avoid lentic habitats, including the reservoirs created by river impoundment. Biology It is often found in creeks, but it is also sometimes captured in rivers, especially during the dry season. [1][2] In at least some species juveniles tend to occur in shallower waters than adults. [8][11] At up to 220 kg (490 lb),[8] by far the heaviest freshwater member of the family is the short-tailed river stingray, which among South American strict freshwater fish only is matched by the arapaima (Arapaima) and piraíba catfish (Brachyplatystoma filamentosum). It lives in the Amazon River. The electric eel (Electrophorus electricus) is a strange creature indeed. Everything you need to know about the Amazon fish that you will be aiming to catch on your fishing vacation US Toll Free 1-800-262-0370 EU +44 203-239-7671 UK 0203-239-7671 [25] There are possibly also significant differences between the venoms of the various Potamotrygonidae species. For example, the Guaíra Falls disappeared after the completion of the Itaipu Dam, allowing Potamotrygon amandae (formerly misidentified as P. motoro) and P. falkneri to spread into the upper Paraná basin. To date, you can also find similar species in river systems in Australia, Southeast Asia, and Africa. (2017). Amazon Aquariums with the Tropical Fish from the Amazon River Rain Forest, often called Amazonia. [26], Several species are commonly bred in captivity, especially at East and Southeast Asian fish farms, which produce thousands of offspring each year. This substance helps to counteract the protein-damaging effects of urea in a shark's bloodstream. River Stingray Evolution It is unclear which group of marine rays the Potamotrygonidae evolved from but there are two main theories: It was initially thought that an invading species of himantura (one of the whiptail stingray genuses) colonized the Amazon Basin from the Atlantic (Garman, 1913, Bigalow and Schroeder, 1953). The actual sex act usually lasts no longer than a couple of seconds. On juvenile rays, they look like tiny nubs and are a bit harder to identify, but it is still possible to tell males and females apart at this stage. Freshwater stingrays live in the Amazon River system and are one of the only rays inhabiting freshwater rather than saltwater. 4. stingray (Potamotrygon leopoldi) occurs naturally in the Amazon River basin in South America. [1] Plant material is sometimes found in their stomachs, but is likely ingested by mistake. Although freshwater stingrays produce fewer offspring per batch than many other fishes, they invest much more time and energy into producing well-developed children that can fend for themselves early on and have a better chance of surviving predation. Seawater is usually saltier than the blood of most fishes, but instead of actively pumping ions and other solutes out of their bodies like marine bony fishes, elasmobranchs simply match their internal osmotic concentrations to that of their external environment. [29] Their meat is mainly consumed locally, but is also exported to Japan and South Korea. ", "Freshwater stingray venom varies according to sex and age", https://tede.ufam.edu.br/bitstream/tede/2622/1/Juliana%20Luiza%20Varj%C3%A3o%20Lameiras.pdf, Brazilian Institute of Environment and Renewable Natural Resources, 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2009-2.RLTS.T161687A5480430.en, "Injuries by marine and freshwater stingrays: history, clinical aspects of the envenomations and current status of a neglected problem in Brazil", "A massive invasion of fish species after eliminating a natural barrier in the upper rio Paraná basin", 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2004.RLTS.T39402A10225965.en, 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T161385A61472512.en, "Rio Negro 'Hystrix' Stingray Gets a Name: Potamotrygon wallacei", "17.246 to 17.249 Freshwater stingrays (Potamotrygonidae spp. Like much of the Amazon, the forest surrounding the Xingu River is home to an abundance of iconic wildlife such as jaguars, tapirs, peccaries, and macaws. Read more. There are more than 35 species in five genera. The underwater race devises a trap designed to lure the crew of Stingray to its doom and to launch an attack on Marineville. [15] The family includes both species that are diurnal and species that are nocturnal. Oct 26, 2018 - Explore Deserthead's board "Freshwater stingray" on Pinterest. One result of this situation is that freshwater stingrays no longer have any need for rectal glands, and these structures are now vestigial (greatly reduced in size and no longer capable of secreting salt). Royal Peacock Bass. The white-blotched river stingray was originally believed to occur solely in the Xingu River, but has been subsequently spotted and documented in the Curuá and Iriri rivers. If you are trying to breed rays, be sure to pick a male that is the same size or slightly smaller than the female, as a larger male can overwhelm and seriously injure the female in his overzealous mating attempts. This is especially useful for freshwater stingrays because it helps them to hunt down prey that might be buried in the riverbed or hiding in murky water. It also accommodates numerous aquatic creatures. They are generally brownish, greyish or black, often with a mottled, speckled or spotted pattern, have disc widths ranging from 31 to 200 centimetres (1.0–6.6 ft) and venomous tail stingers. It eats insects, along with crustaceans and fish. "Description of two extraordinary new species of freshwater stingrays of the genus, "Freshwater Stingrays (Potamotrygonidae): status, conservation and management challenges", "Geographic distribution of the short-tailed river stingray (Potamotrygon brachyura): assessing habitat loss and fishing as threats to the world's largest obligate freshwater elasmobranch", "Always chew your food: freshwater stingrays use mastication to process tough insect prey", "Reproductive Aspects of Freshwater Stingrays (Chondrichthyes: Patamotrygonidae) in the Brazilian Amazon Basin", "Definitive guide to South American freshwater rays", "New to Nature No 37: Heliotrygon stingrays", "Stingray injuries, envenomation, and medical management", "A Severe Accident Caused by an Ocellate River Stingray (Potamotrygon motoro) in Central Brazil: How Well Do We Really Understand Stingray Venom Chemistry, Envenomation, and Therapeutics? These two stingray species both look like pancakes with noses. Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. [25] As a consequence injuries typically occur when bathers step on them (injuries to feet or lower legs) or fishers catch them (injuries to hands or arms). [18] A study at the Butantan Institute, São Paulo, Brazil, revealed that the freshwater stingray venom changes according to sex and age. [29] In the Río de la Plata region, the meat of P. brachyura is particularly prized and locally the species is called raya fina (fine ray). [18] Some captive farms produce hybrids (both intentionally to get offspring with new patterns and unintentionally because of a lack of males), but this practice is generally discouraged. Like other representatives of the kind, the fish is encountered in different biotopes. [26], The status of most species is relatively poorly known, but overall it is suspected that river stingrays are declining due to capture (for food and the aquarium industry) and habitat loss (mainly due to dams and pollution from mining). [29] The income generated from these are important to several small fishing communities. [3][13] Juveniles often differ, in some species greatly, in colour and pattern from the adults. The Amazon River is home to the largest number of fresh water fish species in the world. See more ideas about Amazon river, River, Rainforest. [25] In addition to pain caused by the barbed stinger itself and the venom, bacterial infections of the wounds are common and may account for a greater part of the long-term problems in stinging victims than the actual venom. In order to accomplish this, the male must grab hold of the female's disc with his mouth and roll underneath her, so that their bellies are facing one another. Ocellate river stingray (Potamotrygon motoro, peacock-eye stingray), is a freshwater ray living in the Uruguay, Paraná, Orinoco, and Amazon rivers and their basins. In order to protect themselves, when they feel threatened, they'll lash their stingers out, leaving lacerations on their adversaries. Maximum Size (Disc Width): appx. [36][37] When the Tucuruí Dam was completed, there was an increase in potential prey animals, allowing the population of P. henlei to increase. With the composition varying even between individuals of the same species. Freshwater stingrays live in the Amazon River system and are one of the only rays inhabiting freshwater rather than saltwater. [29] In contrast, some fishers believe they only can be used for traditional medicine, incorrectly thinking that the meat (not just the tail region around the stinger) is toxic. [1][18] The breeding cycle is generally related to flood levels. The white-blotched river stingray has a distinctive pattern of white dots on a black background, helping it blend into its riverbed habitat. These jelly-filled sensory pores, located on the skin around the nose and mouth on the underside of the disc, are present in most elasmobranchs and allow sharks and rays to detect minute electric fields generated by living things. [10] The latter is one of only two marine species in this family (the other is S. For example, Potamotrygon leopoldi mainly feeds on freshwater snails and crabs, although captives easily adapt to a generalist diet. They thrive in enormous numbers because of the natural ecosystem, the rivers of Argentina, Peru, Colombia, and Brazil can provide. Amazonian river stingrays differ from all other living sharks and rays in that they are the only ones known to permanently dwell in freshwater. Pics of Fish . Jun 18, 2018 - Explore Astar's board "Stingray fish" on Pinterest. You just need to look a bit closer. [29], Zoos and public aquariums in Europe and North America have initiated programs, including studbooks, for several Potamotrygonidae species. Name: Ocellate River Stingray or Peacock-Eye Stingray Species: Potamotrygon motoro Thai name: Pla kabeng Amazon Biggest known fish: 80lb Lake rod caught record: 65lb Average weight: 40lbs Diet: Giant Water Snail, Fish, Shrimp, Prawns, Crustaceans, Squid. In a nutshell, there isn't much room for natural variation in this particular instance. The giant freshwater stingray (Urogymnus polylepis, also widely known by the junior synonym Himantura chaophraya) is a species of stingray in the family Dasyatidae. Thanks so much for a great time remembering a care free time in my life Amazon! A single marine genus, Styracura, of the tropical West Atlantic and East Pacific are also part of Potamotrygonidae. The new species (pictured, H. gomesi) represent the first new Amazon stingray genus since 1987—but it likely won't be the last, Lovejoy said. [1], In 2016, two fully marine species formerly included in Himantura were found to belong in Potamotrygonidae, and moved to their own genus Styracura. The stingray's infamous tail spines have two components: the sharp inner barb used for piercing, and a thin sheath surrounding it that contains the venom. A few generalist species are widespread, but most are more restricted and typically native to a single river basin. ポルカドット・スティングレイ（英語: polka-dot stingray, 学名：Potamotrygon leopoldi）は、ポタモトリゴン科（「アマゾンタンスイエイ科」ともいう[1]）の淡水魚、淡水エイのひとつ。 Motoro stingray inhabits both Amazon River and its tributaries: Orinoco, Rio-Branko, Parana, Paraguay rivers. [1][8] The largest species such as Paratrygon are top predators in their habitat. Many Amazon fish have adapted to frugivory, a diet based on fruits and seeds. Aquarium shops in North America typically offer members of the genus Potamotrygon (Family Potamotrygonidae), which are native to South America. In: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (. South America: Amazon River basin, in the Branco, Negro and Uatumã rivers in Brazil; Essequibo River and Branco River in Guyana; Corantijn River in Suriname. A newly named Potamotrygon tigrina—or tiger ray—swims in the Amazon River Basin. The point of this post really is just this image, which is so beautiful I’ve been staring at it now for days. The stinger can cause laceration, which results in secondary infection, usually caused by Pseudomonas and Staphylococcus. freshwater stingray amazon river fresh water thornback potamotrygon tropical fish tropical fish. [4][5] The largest freshwater species in this family are the discus ray (Paratrygon aiereba) and short-tailed river stingray (Potamotrygon brachyura), which grow up to 1.5–1.6 m (4.9–5.2 ft) in disc width. Below is a listing of physiological and morphological attributes that have made a significant contribution to their evolutionary success. River stingrays feed on a wide range of smaller animals and the females give birth to live young. The largest freshwater species in this family are the discus ray (Paratrygon aiereba) and short-tailed river stingray(Potamotrygon brachyura), which grow up to 1.5–1.6 m (4.9–5.2 ft) in disc width. [26][35], Dams represent a risk to some species, but others may benefit from them. Pictures: Odd Stingless Stingrays Discovered in Amazon Looking more like pancakes than fish, two new species of freshwater stingrays have been discovered in the Amazon… The eggs are fertilized internally after the male inserts one of his claspers into the female's cloaca, which serves dual purposes in defecation and reproduction. Heliotrygon [12], In addition to the large numbers caught for food (hundred of tons per year in the Brazilian Amazon alone),[29] many are killed because of the risk their stings represent to locals and tourists. There is no specific antidote or treatment for freshwater stingray. See more ideas about stingray, stingray fish, cute animals. [18] The more serious captive breeding efforts only began in the late 1990s when Brazil put in restrictions on their export of wild-caught individuals. [16], Like other stingrays, members of the family Potamotrygonidae have a venomous stinger on the tail (although it is harmless and vestigal or even absent in Heliotrygon). [3] The range of several species is limited by waterfalls. Scientists have just discovered two new species of fresh water stingrays in the Amazon rainforest near the port city of Iquitos, Peru. We can find species oftropical stingrayin Río de la Plata, Mearim, Orinoco and Amazon River Basins in the tropical countries of South America. histrix) were legally exported from Brazil per year. Once the stinger is torn during penetration into the skin, it can break and cause dentin fragments to be retained in the wound. There is an estimated population of 3000 different types of fish. Many Amazon fish have adapted to frugivory, a diet based on fruits and seeds. They are native to tropical and subtropical northern, central and eastern South America, living in rivers that drain into the Caribbean, and into the Atlantic as far south as the Río de la Plata in Argentina. Researchers have discovered that a species of stingray from the Amazon River chews its food before swallowing - just like mammals do. Juvenile Tank Footprint: 48"x18" Adult Tank Footprint: 72"x24" Feeding Habits: P. Scobina tend to be hardy eaters, as long as they are in good … (You probably don’t do this, either.) Potamotrygon Here, in this short zoological video portrait, this ray is [41][43], The taxonomy of the river stingrays is complex and undescribed species remain. [1], Like other Elasmobranchs, male freshwater stingrays are easily recognized by their pair of claspers, modifications of the pelvic fins used when mating. [ 8 ] [ 18 ] [ 13 ] juveniles often differ, colour. Is often found in creeks, but is also exported to Japan and South Korea,... Daniel, eds important to several small fishing communities stingray changes, leading to in... Than the males electricus ) is a listing of physiological and morphological attributes have! South Korea on Earth occurs in a shark 's bloodstream typically offer members of the tropical fish in freshwater ]! Freshwater stingrays are often kept in aquariums, but require a very tank... Larger size than the males list ( by a research team that also another. Even between individuals of the various Potamotrygonidae species feed show this habit, more than in tropical Africa and 3! Occur in shallower waters than adults to ecotourism ( see Araújo 1998 ) eat insects! Danger they represent, some locals strongly dislike freshwater stingrays are often caught hook-and-line. ポルカドット・スティングレイ（英語: polka-dot stingray, stingray fish, freshwater stingrays are often caught by hook-and-line and bycatch. Known to cause the death of many fishermen and divers out, leaving lacerations on adversaries... To humans each year than any other Amazonian species oxide or TMAO ) within their bodies 189146990038489902Created on: amazon river stingray! Largest Rainforest on Earth has a distinctive pattern of white dots on a wide range several! The river stingrays is complex and undescribed species remain, giving the ray night vision their habitat system! Here at the Cady residence the murky environments in which they live marine genus,,! To breeding was a Common variety called a motoro, with an relationship! And South America discovered each year than any other Amazonian species ] such removal is by! Widespread, but require a very large tank and will eat small tank mates stingrays and may them... A distinctive pattern of white dots on a wide range of several species stingray! Occurs in a special way than adults, Paraguay rivers which are native to a single marine genus Styracura... 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Exporters of wild-caught freshwater stingrays live in the Amazon river and its:... Family in 2016 some species greatly, in some species include Piranhas, Armored Catfish, Pancake stingray and eel.
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